Detection of SAO faults on selected 1/0 wires of a VLSI circuit for BCD-to-excess-3 code converter

How many inverter gates are used for BCD to Excess-3 conversion?

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

In an XOR gate with inputs I1 and I2, if there is a stuck at 0 at I1, then the output is
Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

The minimised expression for Z is given by
Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

How many AND and OR gates are used for BCD to Excess-3 conversion?
Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

The excess-3 representation of BCD value 100 is
Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation

Explanation