Virtual Labs

a:

s = -2

(repeated root) Explanation

Explanation

b:

s = \pm 2

Explanation

c:

s = -4

(repeated root) Explanation

Explanation

d:

s = \pm 4

Explanation

a: Unstable because complex poles exist Explanation

Explanation

b: Stable because real parts are negative Explanation

Explanation

c: Marginally stable due to imaginary parts Explanation

Explanation

d: Cannot determine without zeros Explanation

Explanation

a: Proportional (

K_p

) Explanation

Explanation

b: Integral (

K_i

) Explanation

Explanation

c: Derivative (

K_d

) Explanation

Explanation

d: None of the above Explanation

Explanation

System Stability