Note: This is a VR experiment, so idea is to play with the variables. Suggested steps, to utilize the simulation and learn from the changes, are:

1. Select a microstructure and from its scale bar, try to get a rough estimate on the grain size of the sample. This will allow you to get a feel of how close the grain size analysis method provide the result.
   

2. Measure the grain size using ASTM method. Herein, get the microstructure, and then obtain the number of grains at 100× magnification in 1 in² area. First, obtain the ASTM grain size (n) using the equation:
   N=2^n-1 ,
   where N is the number of grains at 100x in 1 in² area.
   

Then, change the magnification (to start with, say 50×, or 200×). Accordingly, at 200×, one will obtain one-fourth (1/4^th) number of the grains as the magnification has increased (both in x and y direction). Then check how the values change.

3. For Jeffries method, utilize a circle with an area of 5000 mm² and count the number of grains. Now, obtain the number of grains per mm² (N_A) as per the following equation:
   

N_𝐴=𝑀²/5000 x (𝑛₁+𝑛₂/2)
where n₁ is the number of full grains, n₂ is the number of grains intersected at circumference, and M is the magnification. The value of 5000 in the denominator corresponds to area of 5000 mm² (of circle) where the grains are captured.

Now average grain area (Ā), with units of mm², is obtained as 1/N_A, and an average grain area in µm² is given as :

Ā (µm²) = 10⁶/N_A

Correspondingly, the mean diameter (d) can be given as:
d̄(𝜇𝑚)= (𝐴̅)^1/2 = 10³/N_A^1/2

4. In the grain boundary triple points (P) method, the triple points in an area are counted with quadruple points (where four grains meet) are accounted a weight of ‘two’. Accordingly, the number of grains per unit area (N_A) is calculated using the equation:
   

N_A = (𝑃/2 + 1) / A_T

where A_T is the area at 1× magnification, and the corresponding ASTM grain size, (n) is obtained as:
n = 3.322log ((𝑃/2 + 1) / A_T) - 2.95

5. Compare the grain size values obtained from various methods.