Extrusion
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Pipe Expansion |
Solid Billet |
Hot extrusion is a metal forming process of forcing a heated billet to be reduced in its cross section by forcing it to flow through a shaped die opening under a high pressure. During extrusion metal billet is under compression stress state in all three directions and shear forces. No tensile force is produced, which makes high deformation possible without tearing the metal.
In hot extrusion process a preheated billet is loaded into the container and ram presses this billet through a die...
In extrusion, optimization of process conditions is focused on achieving maximum extrusion speed...
Since the surface of the billet often contains an oxidized skin, this type of flow results in internal oxide stringers or internal pipes...
Figure 5: Dies with different inclination angle with their corresponding extrusion load curve.
Seamless Pipe
Figure 6: Seamless Pipe
Figure 7: Billet
Seamless (Steel Pipe) is made from a solid round steel billet which is heated and pushed or pulled over a form until the steel is shaped into a hollow tube.
Uses
- Domestic water systems.
- Pipelines transporting gas or liquid over long distances.
- Scaffolding
- Structural steel
- As components in mechanical systems such as:
- Rollers in conveyor belts
- Compactors (e.g., steam rollers)
- Bearing casing
- The petroleum industry:
- Oil well casing
- Oil refinery equipment