1. Preparation of Material

• Clean the metal billet or plastic granules to remove dust, rust, or moisture.
• For polymers, remove moisture properly to avoid bubbles during extrusion.
• If hot extrusion is used, preheat the billet to the recommended temperature.

2. Setting Up the Machine

• Select the die according to the required product shape.
• Fix the die firmly in the die holder.
• Adjust machine parameters such as:
  • Temperature
  • Ram/Screw speed
  • Pressure

3. Heating (Only for Hot Extrusion)

• Heat the metal billet to the proper extrusion temperature (below its melting point).
• Ensure uniform heating so the billet flows smoothly during extrusion.

4. Loading the Material

• Place the heated billet into the extrusion chamber.
• For polymer extrusion, feed granules into the hopper where they melt inside the heated barrel.

5. Starting the Extrusion

• Apply pressure using the ram (for metals) or the screw (for polymers).
• The softened material moves through the barrel toward the die.
• Maintain steady pressure and speed for uniform material flow.

6. Forming the Product

• The material exits the die continuously in the required cross-sectional shape.
• Monitor the extrudate to check for defects or uneven flow.

7. Cooling the Extrudate

• Cool the extruded product using air or a water bath.
• Control cooling so the product does not bend, warp, or crack.

8. Cutting and Finishing

• Cut the cooled product into the required lengths.
• Perform additional finishing like trimming or straightening if needed.

9. Inspection

• Check the final product for:
  • Correct dimensions
  • Proper shape
  • Smooth surface finish
• Look for defects such as cracks, bubbles, or rough marks.

10. Cleaning the Machine

• Remove leftover material from the chamber, barrel, and die.
• Clean the machine and prepare it for the next extrusion cycle.