Series LCR Circuits

Components:

  • Resistor: A resistor is a passive electronic component having two terminals. It produces a voltage across its terminal which is proportional to the electric current passing through it in accordance with Ohm's law.
  • Lamp: A lamp is a replaceable component such as an incandescent light bulb. It is designed to produce light from electricity. These components usually have a base of ceramic, metal, glass or plastic, which makes an electrical connection in the socket of a light fixture.
  • Wire: A wire is a single, usually cylindrical, elongated string of metal. Wires are used to bear mechanical loads and to carry electricity and telecommunication signals. Wire is commonly formed by drawing the metal through a hole in a die or draw plate.
  • Switch: A switch is an electrical component. It can break an electrical circuit by interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another.
  • Battery: A battery or voltaic cell is a combination of many electrochemical galvanic cells of identical type. Battery stores chemical energy. It can deliver higher voltage or higher current compared to single cells.
  • Voltmeter: A voltmeter measures the electrical potential difference between two points in an electric circuit. Analog voltmeters move a pointer across a scale in proportion to the voltage of the circuit; digital voltmeters give a numerical display of voltage by making use of an analog to digital converter.
  • Ammeter: An ammeter is a measuring instrument. It measures the electric current in a circuit. Electric current is measured in amperes (A), hence the name.
  • Non-contact ammeter: It is a type of ammeter that need not be a part of the circuit.

Procedure:

  1. Select the components from the right side of the simulator and connect them as in Figure 1.
  2. Black color appears at the end of the wires when the connection is complete.
  3. Choose values for resistor, capacitor, inductor, and battery.
  4. Find out the resonance frequency using the appropriate equation.
  5. Vary the frequency of the A.C. power source below and above the resonant frequency of the circuit, and measure the current at each frequency using a non-contact ammeter.
  6. Plot a graph by taking frequency along the X-axis and current along the Y-axis.