To determine the specific rotation of a sugar using a polarimeter

1. How does the optical activity depend on the state of the substance?
2. Given that (R)-2-bromobutane has a specific rotation of -23.1o ,what is the specific rotation of (S)-2-bromobutane?
3. Which isomer is dominant in a mixture of (R)- and (S)-2-bromobutane whose specific rotation was found to be -9.2o ?