Procedure

Configuration:-

• Enter the following design parameters:
  Working Load (P) in KN
  Eccentricity (e) in mm
  Size of column (b) and (D) in mm
  Effective cover (d^’) in mm
  
• Select the grade of concrete (f_ck) and grade of steel (f_y) in N/mm².
• Click on ‘Check Configuration’ button and proceed to the next step.

Calaculation:-

• Calculate X_ubal using the ratio of limiting depth of neutral axis to the effective depth.
  X_u/d (for Fe 250) = 0.53
  X_u/d (for Fe 415) = 0.48
  X_u/d(for Fe 500) = 0.46
  
• Click on submit and after three incorrect attempts the correct answer and formula will be displayed.
• Calculate the strain in compression ($$\epsilon$$_sc). After three incorrect attempts the correct formula and answer will be displayed.
• Calculate the strain in tension steel ($$\epsilon$$_st). After three incorrect attempts the correct formula and answer will be displayed.
• Click on ‘Next Level’ to proceed to the next step.
• Stresses in compression and tension are calculated. Click on ‘Next Level’ to proceed to the next step.
• Tension and compression steel area is calculated. Click on ‘Next Level’ to proceed to the next step.
• Enter the diameter of longitudinal bar to be used which should be greater than or equal to 12 mm as per IS 456:2000 Cl. 26.5.3.1 d.
• Enter the number of bars and click on submit button.
• Enter the diameter of lateral ties to be used. Lateral spacing of tie bars is displayed.