N-Grams Smoothing
Textbooks
- Speech and Language Processing by Daniel Jurafsky & James H. Martin (Chapters on N-gram models and smoothing)
- Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing by Christopher D. Manning & Hinrich Schütze
Video Lectures and Online Courses
- Coursera: Natural Language Processing Specialization
- YouTube: N-gram Language Models and Smoothing (Stanford NLP)
Research Papers and Articles
- Chen, S. F., & Goodman, J. (1996). An Empirical Study of Smoothing Techniques for Language Modeling. Proceedings of the 34th Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics.
- Wikipedia: Additive Smoothing
- Wikipedia: N-gram
Online Resources and Tools
- NLTK Documentation: N-gram Models
- CMU Statistical Language Modeling Toolkit
- Google Books Ngram Viewer