Moment of inertia of a Torsion Pendulum

Theory

What is Torsional Oscillation?

A body suspended by a thread or wire which twists first in one direction and then in the reverse direction, in the horizontal plane is called a torsional pendulum.The first torsion pendulum was developed by Robert Leslie in 1793.

A simple schematic representation of a torsion pendulum is given below,

torsion(1)

The period of oscillation of torsion pendulum is given as,

T=2πIC.........(1) T=2\pi\sqrt{\frac{I}{C}}.........(1)

Where I=moment of inertia of the suspended body; C=couple/unit twist

But we have an expression for couple per unit twist C as,

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Where l =length of the suspension wire; r=radius of the wire; n=rigidity modulus of the suspension wire

Substituting (2) in (1) and squaring,we get an expression for rigidity modulus for the suspension wire as,

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We can use the above formula directly if we calculate the moment of inertia of the disc,I as (1/2)MR2.

Now, let I0 be the moment of inertia of the disc alone and I1 & I2 be the moment of inertia of the disc with identical masses at distances d1&d2 respectively.If I1 is the moment of inertia of each identical mass about the vertical axis passing through its centre of gravity, then

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But from equation (1) ,

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Where T0,T1,T2 are the periods of torsional oscillation without identical mass,with identical pass at position d1,d2 respectively.

Dividing equation (6) by (9) and using (5),

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Therefore, the moment of inertia of the disc,

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