Apparatus required :

CCL₄ manometer, Hg manometer, bucket, Stop watch.

Procedure :

1. Keep the bypass valve open and the main valve closed. Switch on the pump.
2. Connect CCL₄ manometer across the bed.
3. Allow the fluid through flow through the bed by opening the main valve.
4. Ensure for steady flow condition note down the flow rate using the rotameter .
5. The corresponding height of the bed and the difference in levels in the manometer limbs to be noted down.
6. The procedure is to be repeated for different flowrates, both for static and fluidized bed conditions.
7. Use Hg manometer for higher flow rates.
8. Collect the the fluid present in the static bed after closing the main valve, to calculate the void volume.

Data :

Column Diameter = D = cm
Height of static bed = L_mf =
Viscosity of fluid = = cp
Density of fluid = kg/m³
Density of CCl₄ =     kg/m³
Density of Hg =    kg/m³
Packing type =
Density of packing material= _p = kg/m³
= Sphericity =
Specific surface area of packing = S = m²/m³=surface area/unit bed volume

Observations :

Volume of voids = m³

Sl No.	Manometer reading	Height of bed(L)cm	Rotameter reading	Volumetric flow rate m3/s

Calculations :

Minimum bed porosity = =void volume/volume of bed
Volume of Bed =

Superficial velocity =

Cross sectional area of the tube,

= m H₂o
 _m = density of manometric fluid
=     N/m²
Bed Porocity  

Plot vs on a log-log graph
Plot vs on a log-log graph.
Determine minimum fluidization velocity (V_mf) from both the plots.

Theoretical value of minimum fluidization velocity:
Determine pressure drop per unit bed height under minimum fluidization condition.

Ergun’s equation:

Solve equation 1 and determine V_mf.

Results :

Report the values of minimum fluidization velocity obtained from plots and from Ergun's equation. Comment on effect of superficial velocity on and .