Requirements:

Boron Doped Diamond Electrode, Lead Nitrate, Copper Chloride, Cadmium Nitrate, and Ammonium Acetate Buffer.

Procedure:

● The boron-doped diamond electrode serves as the working electrode, the counter electrode is a Pt wire, and the reference electrode is an Ag/AgCl electrode.
● Pour 10 ml of ammonium acetate buffer (pH 4.5) into the electrochemical cell.
● Add 1.2mg of lead nitrate to a 100 mL volumetric flask and make up with distilled water to prepare the lead nitrate solution.
● Add 1.2mg of copper chloride to a 100 mL volumetric flask and make up with distilled water to prepare the copper chloride solution.
● Add 1.2mg of cadmium nitrate to a 100 mL volumetric flask and make up with distilled water to prepare the cadmium nitrate solution.
● In the electrochemical cell, add 2ml of lead nitrate solution, copper chloride solution, and cadmium nitrate solution, respectively.
● Using the NOVA 1.11 interface, square wave voltammetry, and differential pulse voltammetry techniques were employed, and voltammograms were recorded.
● Instrumental Parameters are presented below:
A. Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV)
❖ Potential range: −0.9 V to +1 V.
❖ Step potential: 5–10 mV.
❖ Pulse amplitude: 20–50 mV.
❖ Pulse width (sampling time): 50 ms.
❖ Quiet time: 2–5 s.
B. Square-Wave Voltammetry (SWV)
❖ Potential range: −1.2 V to +0.2 V.
❖ Step potential: 2–5 mV.
❖ Square-wave amplitude: 20–50 mV.
❖ Frequency: 15–50 Hz (start ~25 Hz).