The calibration is the process of checking the accuracy of the result by comparing it with the standard value. In other words, calibration checks the correctness of the instrument by comparing it with the reference standard. It helps us in determining the error occurring in the reading and adjusts the voltages for getting the ideal reading.

% Error = [(T-S)/S] * 100
where,
T = Test value
S = Standard value

Calibration of voltmeter :

Calibration of Voltmeter is the process of checking the accuracy of the reading of the Voltmeter under test (V_t) by comparing it with the standard Voltmeter (V_s) one. In other words, calibration checks the correctness of the instrument by comparing it with the reference standard.

% Error Voltmeter = [(V_t - V_s)/V_s] * 100
where,
V_t = Test value
V_s = Standard value

Calibration of ammeter :

Calibration of Ammeter is the process of checking the accuracy of the reading of the ammeter under test (A_t) by comparing it with the standard Ammeter (A_s) one. In other words, calibration checks the correctness of the instrument by comparing it with the reference standard.

% Error Ammeter = [( At - As )/ As ] * 100
where,
A_t = Test value
A_s = Standard value

Circuit Diagram :