Instructions for Frequency Modulation (FM)

Step 1: Click on 'Generate Message' button to generate input message signal
Step 2: Then click on 'Generate Carrier' button to generate carrier signal
Step 3: The carrier frequency has to be more than the message frequency and You can change frequencies using sliders
Step 4: Click on 'Generate Frequency Modulated Signal' button to generate Frequency Modulated Signal
Here, β represents the modulation index. The frequency spectrum is shown for a modulation index of 1

k1.A

k2.B

DATA

TTL

Vin

sin(wt)

Message Frequency (Hz)

Carrier Frequency (Hz)

Kf:

β =

ANALOG

TTL

TTL Enable

reset

+5V

GND

Instructions for Frequency Demodulation

Step 1: LPF's Cutoff frequency works in accordance with the Message frequency
Step 2: You can Demodulate the FM Signal clicking on the 'Perform FM Demodulation' button
Step 3: Click on the 'Show Frequency Spectrums' button to see spectrums of the message, FM modulated and demodulated signal

Msg out

FM Input

REF

COMPARATOR

RECTIFIER

DIODE + LPF

RC LPF

ERROR

WIDTH

DELAY

CLK

LPF SELECT

OUT

LPF