Aim of the experiment

The main aim of this experiment is to determine the pKa value of a weak acid through titration with a strong base and to analyze the buffering region using a titration curve.<

The learning outcomes are mapped with the objectives

1. To understand the acid dissociation constant (pKa) concept and its significance.

• Students will be able to explain the concept of acid dissociation equilibrium, define Ka and pKa, and interpret their significance in determining acid strength and behavior in buffer systems

2. To perform a titration experiment and monitor pH changes.

• Students will demonstrate the ability to carry out atitration using proper laboratory technique, accurately measure pH at each stage, and record systematic data for analysis.

3. To plot a titration curve and determine the buffering region.

• Students will learn to construct a titration curve (pH vs. volume of titrant), identify the buffering region, and interpret the curve’s shape in terms of acid-base equilibria.

4. To calculate the pKa value using the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation.

• Students will apply the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation to calculate pKa from experimental data, particularly at the half-equivalence point, and validate theoretical predictions.

5. To interpret the titration curve and compare experimental results with theoretical expectations.

• Students will critically analyze deviations between experimental and theoretical titration curves, recognize sources of experimental error, and relate observations to acid-base theory.