Virtual IoT Lab DEI

Instructions

Objective:

Learn how a potentiometer controls voltage and adjusts LED brightness through analog input.

Steps to Perform:

Click "Start Simulation" to power up the Arduino circuit.
Click on the potentiometer knob to activate it.
Use the slider to simulate rotating the potentiometer (0-1023).
Observe how the LED brightness changes based on potentiometer position.
Higher values → Brighter LED glow.
Lower values → Dimmer LED glow.

Key Concepts:

Potentiometer: Variable resistor - adjusts voltage by rotating the knob
Analog Read: Arduino reads voltage (0-1023) from the potentiometer wiper
PWM: Pulse Width Modulation controls LED brightness (0-255)
Mapping: Converts sensor range (0-1023) to LED range (0-255)

Arduino Code - main.ino

            const int potPin = A0;     // Potentiometer connected to analog pin A0
const int ledPin = 9;      // LED connected to PWM pin 9
int potValue = 0;          // To store analog input value
int ledValue = 0;          // To store PWM output value

void setup() {
  pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);   // LED pin set as output
  Serial.begin(9600);        // Start serial communication
}

void loop() {
  potValue = analogRead(potPin);                 // Read potentiometer value (0–1023)
  ledValue = map(potValue, 0, 1023, 0, 255);     // Convert to PWM brightness (0–255)

  analogWrite(ledPin, ledValue);                 // Adjust LED brightness
  Serial.println(potValue);                      // Display raw potentiometer value

  delay(100);  // Short delay for stable output
}
          